I-HSQY
Ifilimu eLaminated yePET
Icacile, Inombala
0.18mm ukuya kwi-1.5mm
ubuninzi. 1500 mm
1000 KG.
| Ukufumaneka: | |
|---|---|
Ifilimu edibeneyo yePET/PE
Ifilimu ye-PET/PE thermoforming yokupakisha ukutya yinto eqina kakhulu edibanisa umaleko ocacileyo wesakhiwo se-PET okanye se-APET kunye nomaleko wokutywina osekelwe kwi-PE. Umaleko we-PET ubonelela ngokucaca, ukuqina, ukumelana nempembelelo kunye nokusebenza kwe-thermoforming, ngelixa umaleko we-PE uxhasa ukutywinwa kobushushu kwi-web ephezulu ehambelanayo okanye ifilimu yokugquma.
I-HSQY inikezela ngefilimu edityanisiweyo yePET/PE ecacileyo nelungiselelwe wena ngokweemfuno zakho, efana neetreyi zenyama, iipakethi zokutya kwaselwandle, ukupakishwa kwetshizi, iimveliso zedeli, ukutya okulungisiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuvala ifomu. Uluhlu lwemveliso lwangoku lufumaneka ngobukhulu obupheleleyo ukusuka kwi -0.18 mm ukuya kwi-1.5 mm , ububanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwi -1500 mm , kunye namanqanaba okutywina axobukayo okanye aweld.
Ulwakhiwo oluchanekileyo lwe-PET/PE kufuneka lukhethwe ngokweentlobo zokutya, ubunzulu betreyi, umlinganiselo wokwakha, ulwakhiwo lwefilimu ephezulu, ubushushu bokuvala, uxinzelelo, ixesha lokuhlala, iimeko zokugcina kunye neemfuno zokunxibelelana kokutya kwindawo oya kuyo kwimarike.
Iroli ye-thermoforming ehlanganisiweyo yePET/PE ecacileyo
Umphezulu wephepha le-PET/PE elibonakalayo
Ifilimu ye-thermoforming edityanisiweyo ye-PET/PE ikwachazwa njengephepha le-APET/PE elifakwe ilaminate, ifilimu yokwenza i-PET/PE, i-PET/PE bottom web okanye i-PET/PE thermoforming rollstock . Ityebile kwaye iqinile kunefilimu yokupakisha eguquguqukayo eqhelekileyo kwaye yenzelwe ukufudunyezwa kwaye yenziwe ibe ziitreyi, imingxunya okanye iziseko zokupakisha.
Ngexesha lokuveliswa, izinto ziyafudunyezwa de isakhiwo sePET sibe sesilungele ukwakheka. Ukucoca, uxinzelelo okanye uncedo loomatshini emva koko lutsala iwebhu ibe yimold. Emva kokuzalisa, iphakheji eyenziweyo ivalwa ngefilimu ephezulu ehambelanayo.
Umaleko we-PET ubonelela ngobuninzi bokuqina kunye nokubonakaliswa okucacileyo. Umaleko we-PE ubonelela nge-interface yokutywina kwaye unokwakhiwa nge-seal esisigxina ye-weld okanye ukuvulwa okulawulekayo okunokuxobuka.
| womaleko | malunga nomsebenzi oyintloko | Izinto eziqwalaselwa ngumthengi |
|---|---|---|
| I-PET okanye i-APET Layer | Inika ukucaca, ukukhazimla, ukuqina, uzinzo olulinganayo, ukumelana nempembelelo kunye nokusebenza kwe-thermoforming. | Qinisekisa ubukhulu be-PET, imfuneko yomxholo osetyenzisiweyo, umbala, ubunzulu bokwenza, inkungu, ukukhazimla kunye nokusebenza kwempembelelo kubushushu obuphantsi. |
| Iqhina okanye i-Bonding Layer | Ibopha iileya zePET kunye nePE kwaye inceda ekuthinteleni ukuqhekeka ngexesha lokubumba, ukusika kunye nokutywina. | Amandla ebhondi kufuneka aqinisekiswe emva kokuyilwa, ukugcinwa kwindawo ebandayo, ukuthuthwa kunye nokutywinwa. |
| Umaleko wokutywina we-PE | Inika ukuvalwa kobushushu, ukumelana nokufuma, ukuqina kunye nendlela efunekayo yokuxobuka okanye ukuwelda. | Qinisekisa ukwakheka kwe-PE, ubukhulu beleya, ukuhambelana kwefilimu ephezulu, ubushushu bokuqalisa isitywina, amandla esitywina kunye neemfuno zokubopha ngobushushu. |
| Umaleko oSebenzayo oKhethekileyo | Ingongeza umqobo weoksijini, ukuthintela inkungu, umbala, ukhuseleko lwe-UV okanye eminye imisebenzi ethile enxulumene nesicelo. | Kufuneka kuchazwe i-EVOH okanye olunye ungqimba lomqobo xa kufuneka kubekho i-oxygen-barrier ephezulu okanye ixesha elide lokusetyenziswa kwe-MAP. |
La maxabiso alandelayo achaza uluhlu lwemveliso yangoku. Ukunyamezelana kokugqibela kunye namaxabiso okusebenza kufuneka kuqinisekiswe kwisicatshulwa esivunyiweyo kunye nephepha ledatha yobugcisa.
| Iinkcukacha zePropati | ezifumanekayo |
|---|---|
| Igama lemveliso | Ifilimu ye-thermoforming ye-PET/PE Composite |
| Amagama Angezinye | Iphepha elifakwe i-APET/PE, ifilimu yokwenza i-PET/PE, i-PET/PE bottom web, i-PET/PE thermoforming roll |
| Ulwakhiwo lwezinto | Umaleko wolwakhiwo lwePET okanye lwe-APET onomaleko wokutywina osekelwe kwi-PE |
| Ubukhulu obupheleleyo | 0.18–1.5 mm, inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso |
| Umaleko we-PE obhekiselweyo | Malunga ne-50 μm kwibanga elikhankanyiweyo; ezinye izakhiwo ze-PE ziya kuqinisekiswa |
| Ububanzi obuphezulu | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1500 mm, ukunqumla okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kuyafumaneka |
| Ifomu yoNikezelo | I-Rollstock |
| Ubungakanani obuphambili | Isiseko se-intshi ezi-3 okanye ezi-intshi ezi-6 |
| Ibanga lokutywina | Ibanga lokutywina elinokucolwa okanye elinokuwelda |
| Umbala | Umbala ocacileyo, omnyama, omhlophe okanye owenziwe ngokwezifiso |
| Ukucutshungulwa | Ukwenziwa kwe-vacuum, ukwenziwa koxinzelelo, ukuvalwa kwe-thermoform-fill-seal kunye nokusika i-die |
| Izicelo | Inyama, iinkukhu, iintlanzi zaselwandle, itshizi, ukutya okumnandi, ukutya okulungisiweyo kunye nezinye iitreyi zokutya ezifakwe kwi-thermoformed |
| Imisebenzi eKhethekileyo | I-Anti-inkungu, umbala owenziwe ngokwezifiso, umxholo we-PET ophinda usetyenziswe, ushicilelo kunye nezakhiwo ezithintela kakhulu ngokweemfuno zeprojekthi |
| Amaxwebhu | Amaxwebhu e-SGS, i-RoHS kunye nonxibelelwano lokutya ayafumaneka ngokwezinga elikhethiweyo kunye nemakethi yendawo oya kuyo |
| Ubungakanani obuncinci be-oda | 1000 kg |
| Immimiselo yokuhlawula | T/T, L/C, Western Union okanye PayPal |
| Imigaqo yoRhwebo | I-EXW, i-FOB, i-CNF okanye i-DDU |
| Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuKhokhela | Malunga neentsuku ezisi-7–15, kuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha, imvume yovavanyo, ubungakanani kunye neshedyuli yemveliso |
Ukubonakala Okuphezulu Kwemveliso: I-Clear PET ibonelela ngokucaca okuhle kunye nokukhazimla kokubonisa inyama, intlanzi, itshizi, ukutya okulungisiweyo kunye nezinye iimveliso ezithengiswayo.
Ukusebenza kweThermoforming: Isakhiwo sePET esiqinileyo sinokufudunyezwa size senziwe iitreyi okanye imingxunya ngelixa sigcina amandla aneleyo emva kokuba sipholile.
Umphezulu Wokutywina Othembekileyo: Umaleko we-PE ubonelela ngojongano oluchaziweyo lokutywina kwiifilimu eziphezulu ezihambelanayo kwaye uxhasa izitywina ezixobukayo okanye ezisisigxina zokutywina.
Ukumelana nokufuma: Umaleko we-PE unceda ekukhuseleni ukufuma kwaye unceda ekunciphiseni ukuvuza kolwelo xa iphakheji iyonke kunye nesitywino zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Amandla Oomatshini: I-PET inika ukuqina, ukumelana nokubhoboza kunye nozinzo olunobukhulu bokuzalisa, ukuvala, ukuqokelela, ukuthutha kunye nokubonisa ukuthengisa.
Uhlobo Olunokulungiselelwa: Ubukhulu, ububanzi, ububanzi bomqukumbelo, ubungakanani bomongo, umbala, umgangatho wokwenza kunye nendlela yokutywina inokulungiswa kwimigca ethile yokupakisha.
Inyama Entsha Neenkukhu: Iitreyi ezisezantsi ezifakwe kwi-thermoformed kunye neepakethi zenyama yenkomo, yehagu, yenkukhu kunye neemveliso zenyama ezicutshungulweyo.
Iintlanzi kunye nokutya kwaselwandle: Iipakethi ezicacileyo zeentlanzi ezintsha, iintlanzi zeshellfish, iishrimp kunye neemveliso zokutya kwaselwandle ezibandayo.
Itshizi kunye neemveliso zobisi: Ukupakisha itshizi eqoshiweyo, iibhloko zetshizi kunye neemveliso zobisi ezikhethiweyo ezibandayo.
Ukutya okutyiwayo kunye nokutya okucutshungulweyo: Iitreyi ezenziweyo zenyama ezisikiweyo, iisoseji, iziqwenga ezibandayo kunye neemveliso ezilungele ukutyiwa.
Ukutya Okulungisiweyo: Iziseko zokupakisha zokutya okupholileyo, izitya ezisecaleni kunye neemveliso zokutya xa ubushushu obufunekayo buhambelana nomgangatho wezinto ezikhethiweyo.
Ukupakishwa kweFomu-Ukuzalisa-Ukutywina: Iwebhu esezantsi yezixhobo ezizenzekelayo zokutywina i-thermoform-ukuzalisa-ukutywina kusetyenziswa iiwebhu eziphezulu ezihambelanayo kunye neemeko zokutywina.
Ukusetyenziswa kwetreyi yokutya eyenziwe nge-thermoformed
Isicelo sokupakisha ukutya esicacileyo
| Uhlobo lokutywina | Ukusebenza | kwezicelo eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Ibanga elinokucoleka | Yenzelwe ukuvula ngamandla alawulwayo okuxobula ngaphandle kokufuna ukuba umthengi asike iphakheji. | Itshizi, inyama ezisikiweyo, ukutya okumnandi kunye neepakethi ezilungele abathengi. |
| Ibanga lokutywina nge-Weld | Yenza isitywino esiqinileyo nesihlala sihleli esenzelwe ukumelana nokuphathwa, ukuthuthwa kunye noxinzelelo lwemveliso. | Iimveliso eziqulethe ulwelo, iipakethe zokutya ezinzima kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo ezifuna isitywino esinamandla esingaxobukiyo. |
Ukusebenza kwe-peel okanye i-weld akumiselwa yi-web esezantsi yodwa. Ifilimu ephezulu, i-sealant chemistry, i-tray flange, ubushushu bokuvala, uxinzelelo, ixesha lokuhlala, inqanaba longcoliseko kunye nobushushu bemveliso kufuneka zivavanywe kunye.
Ulwakhiwo oluqhelekileyo lwe-PET/PE lubonelela ngokucaca okuhle, ukuqina, ukutywina kunye nokumelana nokufuma. Akufanele luchazwe ngokuzenzekelayo njengento ethintela ioksijini eninzi.
Ukupakishwa kwenyama entsha, itshizi, ukutya kwaselwandle okanye ezinye iimveliso ezibuthathaka kwioksijini kunokufuna umaleko wesithintelo se-EVOH, isakhiwo esithile seMAP okanye olunye ulwakhiwo lwesithintelo oluqinisekisiweyo. I-OTR kunye ne-WVTR ezifunekayo kufuneka zimiselwe kwimveliso, ixesha elibekiweyo, umxube wegesi, ubushushu bokugcina kunye neemeko zokusasazwa.
I-Clear PET/PE ayiboneleli ngomqobo wokukhanya opheleleyo. Umbala ongaqhelekanga, ukuprinta, ukwenziwa kwesinyithi okanye olunye ungqimba olukhethekileyo lokuthintela ukukhanya luyadingeka xa kufuneka ukhuseleko ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo okanye kwe-ultraviolet.
Ubunzulu Bokwakha: Qinisekisa ubungakanani bomngxuma, umlinganiselo wokuzoba, irediyasi yekona kunye nobukhulu bodonga obuncinci obuseleyo.
Iprofayili Yokufudumeza: Ubushushu bokufudumeza kunye nexesha kufuneka zihambelane nobukhulu bephepha lilonke, isantya somatshini kunye noyilo lwesikhunta.
Ijiyometri yoMqulu: Nika ububanzi bomqulu, i-core ID, ububanzi bomqulu ophezulu, ubunzima bomqulu ophezulu kunye necala lokuphumla.
Ukuhambelana kweWebhu ephezulu: Chonga ulwakhiwo lwefilimu yesigqubuthelo kunye nokuba iphakheji ifuna ukusebenza okunokuxobuka, ukutshixwa, ukuthintela inkungu okanye ukusebenza okunamandla.
Ifestile Yokuvala: Qinisekisa indibaniselwano eyamkelekileyo yobushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nexesha lokuhlala elivelisa izitywino ezihambelanayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kweflange okanye umonakalo wefilimu.
Ukusika kunye nokuHlola: Jonga umgangatho womphetho, ukulandelela imiqulu, iprofayili yobukhulu, i-coefficient of friction kunye neemfuno zobhaliso lomatshini.
Ubukhulu Obucwangcisiweyo: Ubukhulu obupheleleyo bungalungiswa ngaphakathi koluhlu olufumanekayo lwe-0.18–1.5 mm.
Ububanzi obucwangcisiweyo: Ububanzi bemiqolo bunokunqunyulwa ngokwendlela yomatshini wokwenza kunye noyilo lwesikhunta, ukuya kuthi ga kububanzi obuphezulu bangoku.
Ubungakanani beCore kunye neRoll: I-core ID ekhoyo, ububanzi beroll, ubude beroll kunye nobunzima beroll obupheleleyo bunokuthelekiswa nomgca wokupakisha.
Umbala: Imibala ecacileyo, emnyama, emhlophe neyenziwe ngokwezifiso ingabonelelwa ngokweemfuno zemveliso ezisezantsi.
Ukusebenza kweSeal: Izakhiwo ezikwaziyo ukuxobuka kunye nezitywinwayo ziyafumaneka kwiifilimu eziphezulu ezihambelanayo.
Iinketho Ezisebenzayo: Umxholo we-PET ochasene nenkungu, ophinda usetyenziswe, ushicilelo kunye nezakhiwo ezithintelayo eziphezulu zinokuvavanywa ngokwahlukeneyo.
Iprofayili yoButyebi: Ubukhulu obupheleleyo kunye notshintsho oluhambelanayo lwewebhu kufuneka luhlale ngaphakathi komlinganiselo ovunyelwene ngawo.
Ukuncamathelisa iileya: Iileya zePET kunye nePE kufuneka zihlale zibotshelelwe emva kokwenziwa, ukutywinwa kunye nokuphathwa kweentambo ezibandayo.
Umgangatho Wokubonakala: Ukuhlolwa kungabandakanya inkungu, umbala, amabala amnyama, iijeli, imikrwelo, ungcoliseko kunye neziphene zomphezulu.
Umgangatho weRoll: Ulungelelwaniso lomphetho, uxinzelelo olujikelezayo, itelescoping, imibimbi, imeko engundoqo kunye nokuchongwa kweroll kufuneka kuhlolwe ngaphambi kokuba kuthunyelwe.
Uvavanyo Lokwenza: Iiroli zesampulu kufuneka zivavanyelwe ukufana kokuzoba, ukusasazwa kobukhulu bodonga, ukuba zithe tyaba kweflange kunye nokusebenza kokusika.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwePakethe: Iipakethe ezigqityiweyo kufuneka zivavanyelwe ukuthembeka kwetywina, ukuvuza, amandla okuxobuka, ukusebenza kokugcina, ukumelana nokuthuthwa kunye nokufaneleka kokunxibelelana nokutya.

Ukuze ufumane ingcebiso echanekileyo kunye nekoteshini, nceda unikeze:
Uhlobo lokutya olupakishiweyo kunye nexesha elichithwe ekujoliswe kulo.
Isampulu yesakhiwo sePET/PE okanye izinto zangoku ezifunekayo.
Ubukhulu obupheleleyo kunye nokunyamezela ubukhulu okwamkelekileyo.
Ububanzi bomqukumbelo, i-core ID, ubukhulu bomqukumbelo kunye nobunzima bomqukumbelo.
Uhlobo lomatshini we-thermoforming, imodeli kunye nesantya somgca.
Ubungakanani betreyi, ubunzulu bomngxuma, umlinganiselo wokuzoba kunye nobubanzi beflengi.
Ulwakhiwo lwefilimu ephezulu kunye nendlela efunekayo yokuxobuka okanye yokutywina.
Imfuneko yokuthintela inkungu, isithintelo se-EVOH, umxholo ophinda usetyenziswe, umbala okanye ushicilelo.
Imakethi yendawo oya kuyo kunye namaxwebhu afunekayo okunxibelelana nokutya.
Ubungakanani obuqikelelweyo be-odolo kunye nendawo yokuhanjiswa.
Ukupakisha isampuli: Amaphepha esampuli okanye izinto zovavanyo zingakhuseleka kwiingxowa kwaye zipakishwe kwiibhokisi.
Ukupakishwa kweRoll: Iiroli ezigqityiweyo zisongelwa ngefilimu yokukhusela okanye izinto zekrafti ukunciphisa umswakama, uthuli, ukukrwela kunye nomonakalo osemacaleni.
Ukupakisha iipalethi: Malunga ne-500–2000 kg ingalayishwa kwipalethi nganye yeplywood, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomqukumbelo kunye nemida yokuthutha.
Ukulayishwa kweContainer: Icontainer eqhelekileyo inokuthwala malunga neetoni ezingama-20 zemetric, kuxhomekeke kwimilo yomqulu kunye nemida yomthwalo osemthethweni.
Ukuhanjiswa kweSampuli: Iisampulu zingathunyelwa yi-TNT, i-FedEx, i-UPS, i-DHL okanye enye i-courier evunyelweneyo.
Ixesha lokuKhokela kwiMveliso: Malunga neentsuku ezisi-7–15 emva kwenkcazo, intlawulo kunye nokuvunywa kwesampuli, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani kunye neshedyuli yemveliso.

Ifilimu ye-thermoforming ye-PET/PE sisixhobo sokupakisha esineengqindilili ezininzi esinomgangatho wesakhiwo se-PET okanye se-APET kunye nomgangatho wokuvala we-PE. Yenziwe ibe ziitreyi zokutya okanye iipakethe ezisezantsi kwaye ivalwe ngefilimu ephezulu ehambelanayo.
Akunjalo ngokuyimfuneko. Le mveliso inikezelwa kuluhlu lobukhulu obungaqinanga obuyi-0.18–1.5 mm ukuze ifakelwe i-thermoforming. Isikhwama sePET/PE esiguquguqukayo okanye ifilimu yokugquma idla ngokuba ncinci kakhulu kwaye yenzelwe inkqubo eyahlukileyo yokuguqula.
Umaleko we-PE ubonelela ngomphezulu wokutywina, ukumelana nokufuma kunye nokuqina. Indlela equlunqwe ngayo imisela ukuba iphakheji isebenzisa isitywina esixobukayo okanye isitywina esiqinileyo nesihlala sihleli.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa ziquka inyama entsha, inkukhu, ukutya kwaselwandle, itshizi, inyama ezisikiweyo, ukutya okumnandi kunye nokutya okulungisiweyo. Ulwakhiwo oluchanekileyo kufuneka luhambelane nokutya, ubushushu bokugcina kunye nexesha lokuphelelwa.
I-PET/PE esemgangathweni inika ukhuselo oluluncedo kumswakama kunye nokhuseleko oluqhelekileyo lokupakishwa kodwa akufuneki iphathwe ngokuzenzekelayo njengomqobo ophezulu weoksijini. I-EVOH okanye omnye umaleko womqobo uhlala ufuneka xa kufuneka i-OTR ephantsi ethile.
Ingasetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi zeMAP xa i-bottom web epheleleyo, ifilimu ephezulu, inqanaba lesithintelo, ukuthembeka kwesitywino kunye nomxube wegesi kuqinisekisiwe. I-PET/PE eqhelekileyo engenalo umaleko wesithintelo ozinikeleyo isenokungahlangabezani neemfuno zobomi obude beshelufu.
Iigreyidi ezivulekayo zenzelwe ukuvulwa kwabathengi okulawulwayo. Iigreyidi zokutywina nge-weld zenza isitywini esiqinileyo nesihlala sihleli. Zombini zifuna ukuvavanywa ngefilimu ephezulu, i-tray flange kunye nomatshini wokutywina.
Ewe. Uluhlu lwangoku lugubungela ubukhulu obupheleleyo ukusuka kwi-0.18 mm ukuya kwi-1.5 mm kunye nobubanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1500 mm. Ukufumaneka kokugqibela kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo somaleko, ubungakanani be-odolo kunye nokwenzeka kokuveliswa.
Imveliso ekhankanyiweyo ingafumaneka kwii-cores ezi-3 intshi okanye ezi-6 intshi. Abathengi kufuneka bachaze ububanzi obukhulu bomqukumbelo, ubunzima bomqukumbelo kunye nendlela yokuzikhulula.
Ukufaneleka kokuqhagamshelana nokutya kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho i-resin echanekileyo, i-PE formulation, umaleko we-tie, izongezo, umxholo ophinda usetyenziswe, uhlobo lokutya, ubushushu bokunxibelelana kunye nemigaqo yemarike yendawo oya kuyo. Cela amaxwebhu okuthobela umthetho ahambelana nomgangatho othile ngaphambi kokuba u-odole.
I-PET kunye ne-PE zii-polymers ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ngokwahlukeneyo, kodwa isakhiwo se-PET/PE esineengqimba ezininzi asinakwamkelwa kuyo yonke imijelo yokurisayikilisha. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ngokoqobo kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo sokugqibela, iinkqubo zokuqokelela zasekuhlaleni, iteknoloji yokuhlela kunye nemigaqo yemarike.
Ewe. Izinto zovavanyo kufuneka zivavanywe kumgca we-thermoforming kunye nowokuvala ocetywayo ukuqinisekisa ubunzulu bokwenziwa, ukusasazwa kodonga, ukuba tyaba kweflange, ukusika, amandla okuvala, ukuvuza kunye nokusebenza kokuvula.
Nika ukutya okusetyenzisiweyo, ubukhulu obupheleleyo, ububanzi, ubungakanani besiseko, ububanzi bomqukumbelo, ubunzulu bokwenza, uhlobo lwesitywino, ifilimu ephezulu, imfuneko yesithintelo, ubungakanani beodolo kunye nendawo ekuyiwa kuyo. Isampulu yezinto zangoku okanye umzobo wobugcisa nawo uluncedo.
I-HSQY Plastic Group inikezela ngeefilimu ze-PET/PE thermoforming, amaphepha e-PET kunye ne-APET, iitreyi zokutya ze-PET/PE, iitreyi ezinemiqobo ephezulu, iifilimu zokugquma kunye nezixhobo zokupakisha ukutya ezinxulumene noko kubathengi be-B2B bamazwe ngamazwe.
Iqela lethu lingaxhasa ukukhethwa kwezinto, ubukhulu kunye nobubanzi obulungiselelwe wena, uqwalaselo lwemiqulu, amanqanaba okuxobula okanye ukuwelda, uvavanyo lweesampuli, ukufanisa ukutywinwa kwefilimu, ukupakisha kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamanye amazwe.

Udidi lweMveliso