Ra'ayoyi: 290 Marubuci: Editan Yanar Gizo Lokacin Bugawa: 2022-03-08 Asali: Shafin yanar gizo
DOP da DOTP su ne masu amfani da filastik na gama gari da ake amfani da su don sanya PVC laushi, sassauƙa da sauƙin sarrafawa. Babban bambanci shine tsarin kwayoyin halittarsu: DOP, wanda yawanci ana nufin DEHP, orthophthalate ne, yayin da DOTP, wanda kuma ake kira DEHT, terephthalate ne kuma galibi ana zaɓarsa azaman madadin da ba na orthophthalate ba.
Amsa mai sauri: Zaɓi DOP don aikace-aikacen masana'antu na gabaɗaya masu sauƙin farashi, na gabaɗaya PVC kawai lokacin da aka yarda da amfani da shi. Kimanta DOTP lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙarancin canji, ingantaccen dorewar filastik, juriya ga ƙaura, rufin lantarki ko matsayin da ba na orthophthalate ba. Babu wani abu da ya dace da kayan wasa ta atomatik, hulɗa da abinci ko amfani da likita; bin ƙa'ida ya dogara da takamaiman matakin, cikakken tsari, kayan da aka gama da kasuwar da aka nufa.
| DOP na Shaida | / DEHP | DOTP / DEHT |
|---|---|---|
| Sunan sinadarai da aka fi sani | Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | Bis (2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate |
| Gajerun kalmomi na yau da kullun | DOP, DEHP | DOTP, DEHT |
| Lambar CAS | 117-81-7 | 6422-86-2 |
| Tsarin kwayoyin halitta | C 24H 38O4 | C 24H 38O4 |
| Iyalan gini | Ester na Orthophthalate | Ester na Terephthalate |
| Babban aikin | Mai amfani da filastik PVC na manufa ta gabaɗaya | Mai amfani da filastik wanda ba na orthophthalate ba ne na gabaɗaya PVC |
DOP da DOTP suna da tsari iri ɗaya na kwayoyin halitta da kuma nauyin kwayoyin halitta iri ɗaya, amma isomers ne na matsayi. A cikin DOP, ƙungiyoyin ester guda biyu suna maƙwabtaka da zoben aromatic. A cikin DOTP, suna gaba da juna. Wannan bambancin tsarin yana tasiri ga canjin yanayi, ƙaura, halayen lantarki, maganin ƙa'idoji da aiki na dogon lokaci a cikin sassaucin PVC .
Bayanin suna: A kasuwannin kasuwanci PVC , 'DOP' yawanci yana nufin DEHP tare da CAS 117-81-7. Bai kamata a rikita shi da di-n-octyl phthalate, ko DNOP ba, wanda wani abu ne daban. Ya kamata masu siye su tabbatar da sunan sinadarai da lambar CAS a kan takardar bayanai ta aminci.
PVC wanda ba a yi masa robobi ba yana da tauri a zahiri. Mai yin robobi yana shiga tsakanin sarƙoƙin polymer PVC kuma yana rage ƙarfin da ke riƙe waɗannan sarƙoƙi tare. Sannan sarƙoƙin za su iya motsawa cikin sauƙi, wanda ke rage tauri kuma yana ƙara sassauci, tsawaitawa da kuma iya sarrafawa. Sakamakon ƙarshe ya dogara da resin PVC , loda plasticizer, masu daidaita abubuwa, masu cikawa, pigments, hanyar sarrafawa da yanayin sabis.
DOP sunan gargajiya ne na masana'antar bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, wanda aka fi sani da DEHP. Yana da dogon tarihi a matsayin mai amfani da filastik na PVC gabaɗaya saboda yana ba da laushi mai inganci, dacewa mai faɗi, ɗabi'ar sarrafawa da kuma farashin tsara gasa.
Dangane da ƙa'idodin gida da kuma ƙayyadaddun kayan da aka gama, an yi amfani da DOP a cikin fim ɗin masana'antu PVC , fata ta wucin gadi, yadi mai rufi, bene, bututu, hatimi, gaskets, kayan takalma da kuma wasu abubuwan haɗin kebul da aka zaɓa. Dole ne a duba matsayinsa na ƙa'ida a hankali kafin a ƙayyade shi don samfuran da suka shafi fallasa ga ɗan adam.
DOTP tana nufin dioctyl terephthalate kuma ana kiranta da DEHT ko bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate. Ruwa ne mai haske, mai ƙarancin wari wanda ake amfani da shi musamman a cikin sassauƙan PVC . Domin terephthalate ne maimakon orthophthalate, 'ba na orthophthalate plasticizer' shine mafi daidaitaccen bayanin fasaha.
Sau da yawa ana kimanta DOTP a matsayin madadin DOP lokacin da masana'anta ke buƙatar kyakkyawan jituwa PVC tare da ƙarancin canjin yanayi, ingantaccen dorewa, juriya ga ƙaura ko cirewa, kaddarorin lantarki masu amfani da kuma bayanin tsari daban.
| Ma'aunin Kwatantawa | DOP / DEHP | DOTP / DEHT |
|---|---|---|
| Ingantaccen amfani da filastik | Babban kuma an kafa shi sosai | Ana iya kwatanta shi a cikin magunguna da yawa; sashi na iya buƙatar daidaitawa |
| PVC sarrafawa | Haɗawa da sarrafa halaye da aka sani | Yana iya buƙatar canje-canje ga zafin jiki, lokacin haɗuwa ko ma'aunin ƙari |
| Sauyawa da dawwama | Ya dace da samfuran masana'antu da yawa gabaɗaya | Sau da yawa ana fifita su don ƙarancin canjin yanayi da riƙe filastik na dogon lokaci |
| Hijira da juriyar fitar da kaya | Ya dogara sosai akan tsari da kuma hanyar sadarwa | Ana yawan zaɓa shi lokacin da ake buƙatar ingantaccen juriya ga ƙaura ko cirewa |
| Ayyukan tsufa da zafi | Ya isa ga aikace-aikace da yawa na yau da kullun | Sau da yawa ana kimantawa inda ƙananan raguwar nauyi da kuma riƙe sassauci na tsawon lokaci sune manyan abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci |
| Sassaucin ƙarancin zafin jiki | Kyakkyawan aiki na gabaɗaya | Kyakkyawan aiki na gabaɗaya; sanyi mai tsanani na iya buƙatar haɗin filastik na musamman |
| Aikace-aikacen lantarki | An yi amfani da shi a tarihi a cikin zaɓaɓɓun mahaɗan kebul | Ana yawan la'akari da shi don rufin waya da kebul saboda amfani da wutar lantarki |
| Matsayin ƙa'ida | DEHP an takaita shi ko kuma yana ƙarƙashin buƙatun izini a cikin kasuwanni da aikace-aikace da yawa | Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi azaman madadin, amma dole ne a tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin samfurin da aka gama |
| Fifikon siyayya na yau da kullun | Farashi, inganci da kuma tsarin aiki da aka kafa | Na dindindin, aikin lantarki, tsawon rai da kuma matsayin da ba na orthophthalate ba |
Waɗannan kwatancen masana'antu ne na gabaɗaya, ba lamuni mai garanti ba. Maki na kasuwanci ya bambanta dangane da tsarki da masana'anta, yayin da aikin gama-gari ke canzawa tare da nau'in resin, loda filastik, cikawa, masu daidaita abubuwa da yanayin gwaji. Yi amfani da bayanan fasaha na mai samar da kayayyaki da gwaje-gwajen aikace-aikace don yanke shawara ta ƙarshe.
DOP isomer ne na ortho: ƙungiyoyin ester ɗinsa suna zaune kusa da juna a kan zoben aromatic. DOTP para isomer ne: ƙungiyoyin suna fuskantar juna. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa sinadarai biyu masu tsari iri ɗaya za su iya yin aiki daban-daban a cikin mahaɗin PVC kuma ana iya magance su daban-daban ta hanyar ƙa'idodi.
An san DOP da ingantaccen laushi da sarrafawa mai yiwuwa. DOTP na iya cimma irin wannan tauri da aikin injiniya a cikin tsari da yawa, amma bai kamata a ɗauke shi a matsayin maye gurbin atomatik ɗaya-da-ɗaya ba. Halayyar haɗuwa, danko da hulɗa da masu cikawa ko masu haɗa filastik na biyu na iya canzawa.
Asarar filastik na iya ƙara wari ko ƙuraje kuma yana iya sa sassauƙa PVC ya yi wahala ko ya yi rauni akan lokaci. Sau da yawa ana zaɓar DOTP lokacin da ƙarancin canjin yanayi da ingantaccen riƙe filastik na dogon lokaci suna da mahimmanci. Tabbatar da da'awar ta amfani da gwaje-gwajen tsufa da rage nauyi waɗanda suka dace da zafin sabis ɗin da aka yi niyya.
Kauracewa na iya haifar da toshewar saman, tabo, matsalolin canja wurin bugawa ko rashin sassauci. Cirewar na iya faruwa lokacin da PVC ya taɓa ruwa, sabulun wanki, mai, mai ko abubuwan narkewa. Ana yawan la'akari da DOTP lokacin da ake buƙatar juriya mai kyau, amma zafin jiki, lokacin hulɗa, yawan plasticizer da kayan da ke kusa duk suna shafar sakamakon.
Dukansu na'urorin filastik za su iya tallafawa aikin zafin jiki mai amfani a cikin sassaucin PVC . Sau da yawa ana kimanta DOTP inda tsufar zafi, ƙarancin nauyi da sassauci na dogon lokaci sune fifiko. Ga sanyi mai tsanani, masu tsarawa na iya haɗa babban na'urar filastik tare da adipate ko sebacate. Don buƙatar sabis na kebul mai zafi mai yawa, ƙaramin trimelitate na iya zama mafi dacewa.
Ana kimanta DOTP sosai don haɗakar waya da kebul masu sassauƙa PVC saboda haɗinsa na rufin lantarki, sassauci da dorewa. Dole ne mahaɗin da aka gama ya wuce buƙatun da suka dace don juriyar girma, ƙarfin dielectric, tsufa na zafi, riƙewa mai ƙarfi, riƙewa mai tsawo da aikin harshen wuta.
Farashin robobi yana tafiya ne ta hanyar amfani da kayan abinci, yanki, yawan oda da kuma dabaru, don haka farashin DOP-to-DOTP mai tsayayye ba shi da tabbas. Kwatanta jimlar farashin tsari, sarrafa yawan amfanin ƙasa, haɗarin gazawa, tsawon lokacin samfur, buƙatun gwaji da damar kasuwa maimakon farashi a kowace tan kawai.
Masu amfani da filastik suna sarrafa laushi, tsayi, juriya da kuma yanayin zafi mai sauƙi a cikin fim ɗin PVC mai sassauƙa. Ana iya amfani da DOP a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu gabaɗaya da aka yarda, yayin da ake ƙara kimanta DOTP don fina-finan da ke buƙatar ingantaccen matsayi na dindindin ko wanda ba na orthophthalate ba. Kayayyakin HSQY PVC fim mai laushi don bugawa, bene, labule, kariya da amfani da masana'antu.
Masu tsara kebul suna kwatanta juriyar girma, tsufar zafi, sassaucin ƙarancin zafin jiki, canjin yanayi, dacewa da hana harshen wuta da kuma iya sarrafawa. DOTP zaɓi ne gama gari ga mahaɗan kebul masu sassauƙa, yayin da ake iya buƙatar ƙwararrun masu yin filastik don ƙimar zafi mafi girma ko yanayi mafi tsanani.
Zaɓin mai amfani da filastik yana shafar ɗanko na shafi, haɗuwa, jin saman, embossing, juriya ga fashewar sanyi, hazo da tsufa. Ana iya kimanta DOTP inda masana'anta ke buƙatar ƙarancin ƙaura, riƙe laushi mai tsawo ko rage yawan abubuwan orthophthalate.
PVC bene yana buƙatar daidaiton haɗuwa, sassauci, kwanciyar hankali, aikin sawa, manufofin hayaki a cikin gida da farashi. Ana la'akari da DOTP sosai a cikin tsarin bene na zamani, musamman lokacin da ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodi marasa orthophthalate ko buƙatun siyan ƙarancin hayaki suka shafi.
Ga bututun ruwa, hatimi, gaskets, rufin tsoma, hatimin ruwa da plastisols, zaɓin ya dogara ne akan danko, haɗuwa, saitin matsi, ƙaura da juriya ga ruwa ko saman hulɗa da aka yi niyya. Gwaje-gwajen cirewa na musamman na aikace-aikace sun fi inganci fiye da da'awar gabaɗaya cewa mai plasticizer ɗaya koyaushe ya fi kyau.
Mai tauri PVC yawanci yana ɗauke da ƙarancin ko babu babban mai plasticizer saboda ana buƙatar tauri da kwanciyar hankali. Takardar PVC mai tauri ya kamata ta tabbatar ko samfurin ba a yi masa robobi ba, an yi masa gyare-gyare kaɗan ko kuma an ƙera shi don amfani mai sassauƙa.
Zaɓin da ya dace ya dogara ne da takamaiman samfurin, ba sunan mai yin filastik kaɗai ba. Yi amfani da jagorar yanke shawara mai zuwa a matsayin wurin farawa.
| Bukatar Samfura | Zaɓin Farawa Na Musamman | Me Yasa |
|---|---|---|
| Masana'antu na gabaɗaya masu saurin amsawa ga farashi PVC inda aka ba da izinin DEHP | Ana iya la'akari da DOP | Ingantaccen tattalin arziki da sarrafa kayan aiki |
| Rufin waya ko kebul | Kimanta DOTP | Amfanin amfani da kayan lantarki da kuma dawwamammen ci gaba |
| Ƙananan canjin yanayi ko kuma tsawon lokacin riƙewa mai laushi | Kimanta DOTP | Sau da yawa ana zaɓa su don rage nauyin jiki da kuma kiyayewa mai kyau |
| Inganta juriyar ƙaura ko cirewa | Kimanta DOTP, sannan gwada | Aiki ya dogara da kayan hulɗa da yanayi |
| Takaddun siyan da ba na orthophthalate ba | Kimanta DOTP | DOTP an yi shi ne bisa terephthalate maimakon bisa bisa orthophthalate |
| Taɓarɓar abinci, kayan wasan yara, kayan kula da yara ko kayan likita | Zaɓi kawai bayan sake duba dokoki | Takamaiman maki da labarin da aka gama dole ne ya cika ƙa'idodi da gwaje-gwajen da suka dace |
Kafin ka zaɓi, ƙayyade taurin da ake buƙata a kan Shore, matakin resin, loda plasticizer, hanyar sarrafawa, kewayon zafin aiki, iyakar tsufa da zafi, ƙaura ko cirewa, buƙatar wutar lantarki, maƙasudin wari, tsawon lokacin da ake tsammani, kasuwar da aka nufa da kuma jimlar farashin tsari.
DOTP na iya maye gurbin DOP a cikin samfuran PVC masu sassauƙa, amma maye gurbin sikelin samarwa ya kamata ya biyo bayan gwaji mai sarrafawa maimakon musanya ɗaya-da-ɗaya da aka ɗauka.
Bayyana tushen: yi rikodin adadin DOP na yanzu, taurin bakin teku, ƙarfin tensile, tsayi, halayen haɗuwa, danko da taga sarrafawa.
Gudanar da gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje: fara kusa da matakin phr na yanzu, sannan daidaita nauyin DOTP don isa ga taurin da aka yi niyya da halayen injiniya.
Duba yadda ake sarrafawa: auna yanayin haɗin busasshiyar, lokacin haɗuwa, ƙarfin juyi, matsin lamba na fitarwa, amsawar calendering ko dankowar plastisol kamar yadda ya dace.
Gwada aikin amfani da ƙarshen amfani: kwatanta tsufan zafi, rage nauyi, sassaucin sanyi, ƙaura, cirewa, hazo, juriyar lantarki da wari idan aka kwatanta da ƙayyadaddun samfurin.
Bitar bin ƙa'idodi: tabbatar da ma'aunin DOTP, duk wani ƙari da kuma kayan da aka gama bisa ga buƙatun kasuwar da aka nufa.
Tabbatar a layin samarwa: kammala sikelin da aka tsara kafin a canza tsarin kasuwanci.
DEHP, sinadarin da aka saba sayarwa a matsayin DOP, ya bayyana a cikin Jerin 'Yan takarar Hukumar Sinadarai ta Turai da Jerin Izini saboda gubar haihuwa da kuma abubuwan da ke kawo cikas ga tsarin endocrine. Hakanan an rufe shi da ƙuntatawa a cikin takamaiman nau'ikan samfuran EU. Umarnin EU RoHS yana iyakance DEHP a cikin kayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin kayan lantarki da na lantarki, dangane da iyaka da keɓancewa.
A Amurka, Hukumar Tsaron Kayayyakin Masu Amfani ta haramta kayan wasan yara da kayan kula da yara da ke ɗauke da fiye da 0.1% DEHP a cikin wani abu da aka yi da filastik. Sauran ƙasashe da nau'ikan samfura suna amfani da ƙa'idodi daban-daban, keɓancewa, takardu da ƙa'idojin gwaji.
DOTP tana da wani nau'in sinadarai daban da kuma bayanin tsare-tsare, amma amfani da DOTP ba ya sa samfurin da aka gama ya zama 'mai aminci,' 'matsayin abinci,' 'matsayin likita,' 'mai aminci ga kayan wasa,' 'ba tare da phthalate ba,' 'mai bin REACH' ko 'mai bin umarnin RoHS.' Waɗannan da'awar suna buƙatar shaida don takamaiman ma'aunin kayan, cikakken fakitin ƙari, yanayin fallasa, kayan da aka gama da kasuwa.
Takardun da masu siye ya kamata su nema: takardar bayanai ta tsaro (SDS), takardar bayanai ta fasaha (TDS), takardar shaidar bincike (COA), ainihin asalin sinadarai da lambar CAS, sanarwar abun da ke ciki ko ƙayyadadden abu, da takaddun bin ƙa'idodi na musamman ga aikace-aikace. Amfani mai mahimmanci na iya buƙatar ƙaura ta ɓangare na uku, gwajin sinadarai ko samfuran da aka gama.
DOP yawanci DEHP ne, wani nau'in roba mai siffar orthophthalate. DOTP shine DEHT, wani nau'in roba mai siffar terephthalate. Ana darajar DOP saboda ingantaccen robobi da farashi, yayin da ake zaɓar DOTP sau da yawa don ƙarancin canjin yanayi, ingantaccen dorewa, juriya ga ƙaura, halayen lantarki da kuma matsayin da ba na orthophthalate ba.
A cikin amfani na yau da kullun na kasuwanci, DOP yawanci yana nufin DEHP, ko bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, CAS 117-81-7. Saboda gajerun kalmomi na iya zama marasa daidaito, tabbatar da cikakken sunan sinadarai da lambar CAS kafin siya.
Eh. DOTP da DEHT sunaye ne da aka saba amfani da su don bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate, CAS 6422-86-2. DEHT ta gano tsarin 2-ethylhexyl terephthalate daidai gwargwado.
Gabaɗaya ana tallata DOTP a matsayin wanda ba shi da phthalate saboda ba shi da orthophthalate kamar DEHP. 'Mai yin plasticizer mara orthophthalate' shine bayanin da ya fi dacewa da sinadarai. Duk wani da'awa mara phthalate don samfurin da aka gama ya kamata a tallafa masa ta hanyar takamaiman takamaiman bayani da hanyar gwaji.
Ana zaɓar DOTP sosai a matsayin madadin saboda DEHP yana ƙarƙashin ƙa'idodi masu yawa na doka. Duk da haka, aminci ya dogara ne akan haɗari, fallasa, tsarki, yawan amfani da aka yi da kuma yadda aka yi amfani da shi. Bai kamata a bayyana cewa babu wani mai amfani da filastik a matsayin mai aminci ga kowa ba tare da shaidar takamaiman amfani ba.
DOTP na iya maye gurbin DOP a cikin nau'ikan maganin PVC masu sassauƙa da yawa, amma ba a tabbatar da maye gurbin ɗaya-da-ɗaya ba. Yawan magani, masu daidaita jiki, abubuwan cikawa, zafin aiki da lokacin haɗuwa na iya buƙatar daidaitawa. Kammala gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje da samarwa kafin a maye gurbin cikakken sikelin.
Sau da yawa ana zaɓar DOTP don ƙarancin canjin yanayi da ingantaccen aikin tsufa da zafi, amma cikakken haɗin PVC yana ƙayyade sakamakon ƙarshe. Tabbatar da aiki ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen rage nauyi, riƙewa da ƙarfi, riƙewa da tsayi da kuma gwaje-gwajen tsufa na musamman don aikace-aikace.
Ana amfani da DOTP a cikin mahaɗan waya da kebul PVC sassauƙa saboda yana iya samar da rufin lantarki mai amfani, sassauci da dorewa. Dole ne mahaɗan da aka gama su cika ƙa'idar kebul da ake buƙata, ƙimar zafin jiki, gwaje-gwajen lantarki, gwaje-gwajen tsufa da buƙatun harshen wuta.
Dacewa ba ta atomatik ba ce. Takamaiman matakin DOTP da kuma kayan da aka gama dole ne su cika jerin abubuwan da suka dace, iyakokin abun da aka haɗa, iyakokin ƙaura, nau'in abinci, lokacin hulɗa da yanayin zafin jiki a kasuwar da za a je.
DEHP-plasticized PVC yana da amfani na tarihi a fannin likitanci, amma waɗannan amfani na iya haɗawa da kimanta haɗari, lakabi, fallasa da buƙatun ƙa'idoji. Bai kamata a taɓa tallata DOP na gabaɗaya a matsayin matakin likita ba tare da takaddun takaddun takamaiman kayan aiki, na'ura da kasuwa ba.
Nemi SDS, TDS, COA, sunan sinadarai, lambar CAS, ƙayyadadden tsarki da kuma sanarwar ƙa'idoji masu dacewa. Don amfani mai mahimmanci, nemi rahotannin gwajin da aka ƙayyade na ɓangare na uku, ƙaura ko samfuran da aka gama waɗanda suka dace da kasuwar da aka nufa.
DOP da DOTP duka suna iya mayar da filastik mai sassauƙa PVC yadda ya kamata, amma suna magance fifiko daban-daban na siye da aiki. DOP na iya ci gaba da aiki ga samfuran masana'antu da aka yarda da su, masu sauƙin farashi. DOTP galibi shine ɗan takarar farawa mafi ƙarfi lokacin da dorewa, aikin lantarki, juriyar ƙaura, tsawon rai na sabis ko ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da ba na orthophthalate ba ke da mahimmanci.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi ya dogara ne da taurin da aka yi niyya, tsari, zafin sabis, yanayin fitar da kaya, tsawon rayuwa, kasuwar da ake nufi da kuma gwajin da ake buƙata. Duba takardun fasaha kuma tabbatar da cikakken PVC kafin a samar da kayayyaki.
Domin neman taimako wajen zaɓar takardar PVC ko fim mai sassauƙa PVC , Tuntuɓi HSQY Plastics tare da nau'in samfurin ku, kauri, girma, sassauci, hanyar sarrafawa, zafin sabis, kasuwar da za a je da kuma buƙatun bin ƙa'idodi.
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