1. Urupapuro rwa PVC ni iki?
Urupapuro rwa PVC ni ibikoresho bya polymer bikozwe muri vinyl chloride nk'ibikoresho fatizo, bifite ibitera imbaraga, amavuta, n'ibindi byuzuza. Bigaragaza imikorere myiza ya antioxydant, birwanya cyane aside na redox reactions, bifite imbaraga nyinshi, bihamye kandi ntibishya, bigatuma bishobora kurwanya kwangirika kw'ikirere. Ubwoko busanzwe bw'urupapuro rwa PVC burimo ubwoko bubonerana, bwera, umukara, ibara, n'ikijuju.
2. Ni izihe nyungu z'urupapuro rwa PVC?
Impapuro za PVC zitanga inyungu nyinshi, zirimo kurwanya ingese, kudashya, ubushobozi bwo gushyushya no kurwanya ogisijeni. Byongeye kandi, zishobora kongera gukoreshwa kandi zikagira ikiguzi gito cyo kuzikora. Kubera ko zifite ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu byinshi kandi zihendutse, zakomeje kugira umwanya mu isoko ry’impapuro za pulasitiki.
3. Impapuro za PVC zikoreshwa mu ki?
Impapuro za PVC zirakoreshwa cyane, ziboneka mu bwoko butandukanye nko ku mpapuro za PVC zisobanutse neza, impapuro za PVC zakonjeshejwe, impapuro za PVC z'icyatsi kibisi, imizingo ya PVC, n'ibindi. Kubera imikorere myiza yo kuzitunganya, ikiguzi gito cyo kuzikora, kurwanya ingese, no kugira ubushobozi bwo kuzimya, impapuro za PVC zikunze gukoreshwa mu gukora ibifuniko bya PVC, amakarita ya PVC, filime zikomeye za PVC, n'impapuro zikomeye za PVC.
4. Ni izihe mbogamizi zo gukoresha impapuro za PVC?
Urupapuro rwa PVC ni pulasitiki ikoreshwa cyane ikozwe muri polyvinyl chloride, hamwe n’imashini zikora pulasitiki na antioxydants. Ntabwo ari uburozi ubwayo, ariko ibikoresho by’ingenzi, nk’imashini zikora pulasitiki na antioxydants, ni uburozi. Imashini zikora pulasitiki zikoreshwa mu mpapuro za PVC za buri munsi zirimo dibutyl terephthalate na dioctyl phthalate, byombi bikaba ari uburozi. Antioxidant lead stearate ikoreshwa muri PVC nayo ni uburozi. Impapuro za PVC zirimo umunyu wa lead zishobora kurekura lead iyo zihuye n’ibintu nka ethanol na ether. Impapuro za PVC zifite antioxydants zishingiye kuri lead rimwe na rimwe zikoreshwa mu gupakira ibiryo, ariko iyo zihuye n’ibiryo nk’uduti tw’ifu ikaranze, imigati ikaranze, amafi akaranze, inyama zitetse, amafunguro, n’ibiryo byo kurya, molekile za lead zishobora gukwirakwira mu mavuta. Kubwibyo, imifuka ya plastiki ya PVC ntigomba gukoreshwa mu kubika ibiryo, cyane cyane ibiryo birimo amavuta. Byongeye kandi, iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru hafi ya 50°C, ibikoresho bya plastiki bya polyvinyl chloride birabora buhoro buhoro, bisohora gaze ya hydrogen chloride, ibi bikaba byangiza ubuzima.
5. Ese amashuka ya PVC afite umutekano mu biribwa?
Impapuro za PVC zishobora kuba zifite umutekano mu biribwa, ariko gusa iyo zikozwe hamwe na PVC yo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa hamwe n'inyongera zijyanye n'ibyo kurya. Impapuro za PVC zo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa ntizigira uburozi, ntizigira impumuro, kandi zikwiriye gukoreshwa mu biryo bitaziguye cyangwa bitaziguye, bitewe n'uburyo zikozwemo n'uko zikoreshwa. Izi mpapuro za PVC zo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa zikunze gukoreshwa mu gupfunyika ibiryo, mu dupfunyika tw'ibisebe, mu dupfunyika tw'ibiryo, mu dupfundikizo tw'ibiryo, no mu bifuniko birinda.
Ariko, si impapuro zose za PVC zifatwa nk'izidafite ingaruka ku biribwa. Impapuro za PVC zo mu rwego rw'inganda zishobora kuba zirimo ibintu bitera pulasitiki cyangwa inyongeramusaruro zitemewe ko zikoreshwa mu gukorana n'ibiryo. Kugira ngo urebe neza ko umutekano ari wose, menya neza ko impapuro za PVC zubahiriza amabwiriza ya FDA na EU (EC), kandi usabe impapuro z'umutekano w'ibikoresho by'uruganda.
6. Ese amashuka ya PVC atuma umuriro udashira?
Yego, impapuro za PVC zirinda umuriro mu buryo busanzwe ugereranije n'izindi pulasitiki nyinshi. Kubera ko zifite chlorine nyinshi, PVC izimya ubwayo iyo isoko y'umuriro wo hanze ikuweho, ibyo bigabanya cyane ikwirakwira ry'umuriro.
Inyandiko za PVC zikunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa aho umutekano w'umuriro ari ingenzi, nko mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ku nkuta, ku bushyuhe bw'amashanyarazi, ku byapa, no mu nganda. Kenshi na kenshi, impapuro za PVC zishobora kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga agenga umuriro nka UL94 V-0/V-1 cyangwa bisa nabyo, bitewe n'uburyo zikoreshwa.
Ku mishinga ifite amahame akomeye agenga umutekano w'umuriro, impapuro za PVC zirinda umuriro zifite imikorere myiza zishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo zihuze n'amategeko yihariye y'inyubako n'ibisabwa mu kwirinda umuriro.
