Filimi yo gupfunyikaho HSQY ifite urwego rwa 11 PA/PP/EVOH/PE ihuza uruzitiro rwa ogisijeni, kurwanya gutobora no gufunga ubushyuhe ku bikoresho by'ubuvuzi n'imyenda. Iboneka mu 0.03-0.45mm n'ubugari bugera kuri 4000mm.
HSQY
Filimi zo gupakira zigenda zoroshye
Hasi
| Iboneka: | |
|---|---|
Filime yo gusohora PA/PP/EVOH hamwe
HSQY 11-layer PA/PP/EVOH/PE Filimi yo gupfunyikaho imiti yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ya PA/PP/EVOH/PE ifite urwego rwa ni filime yoroshye kandi yoroshye yagenewe ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, imyenda yo kwa muganga n'izindi porogaramu zo gupfunyikaho imiti yoroshye zisaba uruzitiro rwa ogisijeni, kwirinda gutobora, kuramba kwa mashini no kuziba ubushyuhe.
Imiterere y'ubu ni PA/TIE/PP/TIE/PA/EVOH/PA/TIE/PE/PE/PE . EVOH itanga imikorere y'ibanze yo kugabanya umwuka wa ogisijeni, PA igira uruhare mu gukomera no kudapfumuka, mu gihe ibice bya PE na PP bishyigikira ubworoherane, kurinda ubushuhe, gufunga no gutunganya neza.
Ubusanzwe HSQY igaragaza ubunini bwa filime kuva kuri 0.03mm kugeza kuri 0.45mm n'ubugari kugeza kuri 4000mm . Imiterere isobanutse kandi icapwa irahari hakurikijwe ibipimo by'ibicuruzwa biriho ubu.
Iki gicuruzwa kandi gishyirwa mu mwanya wa firime yoroshye gupfunyikaho imiti . Imyitwarire ya nyuma yo gupfunyikaho iterwa n'urwego rwo gupfunyikaho, aho gupfunyikaho, ubushyuhe bwo gupfunyikaho, igitutu n'igihe cyo kuhamara, bityo ipaki yuzuye igomba kugeragezwa hakurikijwe imiterere nyayo y'umukiriya yo gupfunyikaho.
Umuzingo wa Filime yo gupakira ku miyoboro miremire yo kwa muganga
Imiterere y'Icyerekezo cya 11 cyo Gusohora
Porogaramu yo gupakira ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi
| by'umutungo | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Izina ry'igicuruzwa | Filime yo gupakira ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi ifite urwego 11 rw'ingufu nini |
| Ikirango | HSQY |
| Ubwoko bw'igicuruzwa | Filimi yo gupakira ikoresha uburyo bwo kwa muganga / Filimi yo gupakira ikoresha uburyo bwo kongeramo ibintu byinshi |
| Imiterere | PA / TIE / PP / TIE / PA / EVOH / PA / TIE / PE / PE / PE |
| Umubare w'Ibyiciro | Ibyiciro 11 |
| Urupapuro rw'inzitizi | EVOH ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwa ogisijeni |
| Ubunini | 0.03mm–0.45mm / 30–450μm |
| Ubugari ntarengwa | 4000mm |
| Isura | Hasi |
| Gucapa | Ishobora gucapwa hakurikijwe ibipimo by'ibicuruzwa biriho ubu |
| Imikorere yo gukata | Uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyiramo ibicuruzwa; Emeza ko substrate ihura n'ibice bifunga neza |
| Porogaramu y'ibanze ya SEO | Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga n'imyenda yo kwa muganga ipfunyitse |
| Izindi porogaramu zanditswe ku ipaji iriho ubu | Gupakira no Gusubiza Ibiryo mu Gifu |
| Guhagarika burundu | Urutonde rw'amapaji ariho ubu rwerekana ko sterilization ikwiriye; Uburyo nyabwo n'ingendo bigomba kwemezwa |
| MOQ | ibiro 1000 |
Icy'ingenzi: OTR nyayo, WVTR, imbaraga zo gufunga, imbaraga zo gukata, uburinganire mu gufunga n'izindi ngamba zo gupakira kwa muganga ntabwo ziboneka ku ipaji iriho ubu. Saba amakuru ya tekiniki y'urwego nyarwo rwa firime mbere yo kugena aya gaciro mu buryo bwemewe bwo gupakira kwa muganga.
Gushyira hamwe kw'ibice byinshi bituma polimeri zitandukanye zikora imirimo itandukanye muri filime imwe yoroshye. Imiterere ya HSQY iriho ubu ihuza PA, PP, EVOH, PE n'ibice bifatanye.
| Uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'ibikoresho | mu miterere y'ibice byinshi |
|---|---|
| PA / Polyamide / Nayiloni | Itanga ubukomere, idashobora gutobora, idashobora gukonja no kurinda ibyuma. |
| EVOH | Itanga imikorere y'ingenzi yo kugabanya ogisijeni na gaze. |
| PP / Polypropylene | Igira uruhare mu mikorere ya mekanike, shimi n'ubushyuhe hakurikijwe imiterere ya nyuma. |
| PE / Polyethylene | Ishyigikira ubworoherane, kurwanya ubushuhe no gukora neza mu gufunga. |
| Imiterere y'amapine | Huza ibice bya polymer bitajyanye n'imiterere yabyo. |
EVOH ishyirwa mu mapaki menshi kugira ngo igabanye ikwirakwizwa rya ogisijeni na gaze. Ibi bishobora kuba ingenzi iyo igikoresho cyo kwa muganga, imyenda yo kwa muganga cyangwa igice gipfunyitsemo kigize ikibazo cyo kwangirika cyangwa ibindi byangiza ibidukikije.
EVOH ntabwo ikoreshwa yonyine muri iyi nyubako ya HSQY. Irinzwe n'ibice bya PA, PP na PE biyikikije, bigatuma inyubako yuzuye y'ibice 11 ihuza imikorere y'inkingo hamwe no koroha, kudapfumuka, gufunga no guhindura imikorere.
1. Inzitizi nyinshi za ogisijeni
Urukuta rwa EVOH rutanga ubudahangarwa bukomeye ku ikwirakwizwa rya ogisijeni na gaze, rushyigikira ikoreshwa ry’ibipfunyika aho imikorere y’imbogamizi ari ikintu cy’ingenzi mu guhitamo.
2. Kurwanya gupfumura
Uduce twinshi twa PA dufasha kurinda ipaki gutobora no guhangayika mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga biterwa n'ibicuruzwa bikomeye cyangwa bifite imiterere idasanzwe mu gihe cyo kubikoresha no kubikwirakwiza.
3. Uburinzi bw'ibice byinshi
Imiterere y’ibice 11 ituma imirimo yo kurinda, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, gufunga no kurinda ubushuhe ikwirakwizwa mu bice byihariye bya polymer.
4. Ubushobozi bwo kuziba ubushyuhe
Iyi firime yagenewe gukoreshwa mu kuziba ubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwa nyuma bwo kuziba, igitutu n'igihe cyo kuziba bigomba kugaragazwa hakoreshejwe substrate nyayo ihuza n'imashini ipakiye.
5. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukata
Iki gicuruzwa kiracuruzwa mu buryo bworoshye bwo gupfunyika mu buryo bw’ubuvuzi. Imiterere y’igishishwa igomba kwemezwa ukurikije umupfundikizo cyangwa ibikoresho bihura kugira ngo habeho uburinganire bukenewe hagati y’ubuziranenge bw’igipfunyika n’uburyo gifunguka neza.
6. Kugaragara neza kw'ibicuruzwa
Filimi isobanutse neza ituma umuntu areba neza ibicuruzwa bipfunyitse aho igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibipfunyitse gisaba ko bigaragara neza.
7. Imiterere ishobora gucapwa
Amahitamo ya filime icapwa ashobora gushyigikira kumenya, amabwiriza, ikirango n'andi makuru ajyanye n'ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gucapa bwatoranijwe.
8. Ingano nini yo guhindura ibintu
Ubunini kuva kuri 30μm kugeza kuri 450μm n'ubugari kugeza kuri 4000mm bitanga ubushobozi bwo koroshya imashini zitandukanye zo gupakira n'ingano z'ibipaki.
Mu gupfunyika kwa muganga, gupfunyika byoroshye ntibigomba gusobanura gupfunyika gukomeye. Ipaki ishobora gupfunyika ikenera ubuziranenge buhagije bwo gupfunyika mu gihe cyo kuyifata, kuyisukura, kuyikwirakwiza no kuyibika mu gihe ifunguye neza aho ikoreshwa.
Imiterere y'igishishwa iterwa n'isano iri hagati y'urwego rwo gufunga firime n'urundi rufatiro. Bityo, abaguzi bagomba gutanga impapuro nyazo z'ubuvuzi, firime yo mu bwoko bwa Tyvek, firime, isahani cyangwa ikindi gice cyo gufunga cyakoreshejwe mu ipaki irangiye.
Ingufu z'ipfundikizo: Shyiraho ubuziranenge buhagije bw'ipaki kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza kandi ikwirakwizwe.
Imbaraga zo Gukura: Menya imbaraga zikenewe zo gufungura ukurikije ingano y'ipaki n'ikoreshwa ryayo.
Sukura Peel: Suzuma aho seal iherereye kugira ngo urebe niba hari ikosa rya fibre, delamination, stringing cyangwa indi myitwarire idahwitse yo gufungura.
Idirishya ry'ipfundikizo: Emeza imikorere ihamye yo gupfundikizo mu bushyuhe nyabwo, igitutu n'igihe cyo gupfundikirizwa gikoreshwa ku murongo wo gupfundikirizwamo.
Filimi ifite uburebure bwinshi ishobora gusuzumwa mu mishinga yo gupakira ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi aho hakenewe uburyo bwo gukingira gazi, kurinda umubiri, gusobanutse neza no gufunga neza.
Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga: Gupfunyika byoroshye ku bikoresho bikwiye bisaba uburinzi bw'insinga zibonerana no kuramba.
Imyenda yo kwa muganga: Gupfunyika ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bikwiriye bishingiye ku myenda aho hashyizweho inzitizi n’amabwiriza agenga ubuziranenge bw’imyenda.
Ibice byo gusuzuma: Gupfunyikamo ibintu bifite imbogamizi nyinshi bishobora gusuzumwa kugira ngo harebwe ibice by’ingenzi bisaba kurindwa umwuka wa ogisijeni cyangwa ibidukikije.
Paki zo mu buvuzi za Thermoformed: Filimi nyinshi zishobora gupimwa kugira ngo zikoreshwe hakurikijwe uburebure bukenewe bwo gukora n'urwego nyarwo rwa filime.
Amapaki yo kwa muganga ashobora gukurwaho: Inyubako zikwiye zishobora gusuzumwa aho hakenewe ko igishishwa gishyirwa mu buryo bugenzurwa hamwe n'icyuma gifunga kijyanye n'igihe.
| Kugereranya | PA / PP / EVOH / PE Filime Yinzitizi | Yumwanya PA / PE Filime |
|---|---|---|
| Uruzitiro rwa ogisijeni | EVOH itanga imikorere myiza ku mupaka wa ogisijeni | Inzitizi yo hasi ugereranije n'imiterere irimo EVOH |
| Ubumenyi bw'imiterere | Imiterere yihariye y'ibice 11 by'inyongera | Muri rusange imiterere yoroheje y'ibice byinshi |
| Ikwiriye cyane | Porogaramu zisaba uburinzi bukomeye bw'umwuka utukura | Gukoresha aho umuyoboro ukabije wa ogisijeni udakenewe |
| Amahitamo ya nyuma | Hashingiwe ku buryo igikoresho gifatwa nk'ikidakora neza, uburyo gishyirwa mu buryo bwo kwirinda indwara, uburyo kidakora neza ndetse n'igihe kigomba kumara. | Hashingiwe ku kurinda ipaki n'ibisabwa mu kuzuza ikiguzi |
Urupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa bya HSQY rugaragaza ko iyi filime ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukingira indwara, ariko ntabwo igaragaza uburyo bwihariye bwo gukingira indwara, ubushyuhe, ingano cyangwa ukwezi gukorerwamo.
Ibikoresho byo gupfunyika mu buvuzi bishobora kugira ingaruka zitandukanye kuri ethylene oxide, imirasire, umwuka n'izindi nzira zo gusukura. Bityo, firime yatoranijwe n'ipaki yuzuye bigomba gusuzumwa hakoreshejwe inzira nyayo yo gusukura igenewe umuti w'ubuvuzi warangiye.
Uburyo bwo Gusukura: Tanga EO, gamma, e-beam, steam cyangwa ubundi buryo bukenewe mu gihe usaba isuzuma ry'ibicuruzwa.
Imiterere y'Ibikorwa: Tanga ubushyuhe, igihe cyo guhura n'imirasire, ingano y'imirasire cyangwa ibindi bipimo by'ingendo bireba.
Ubuziranenge bw'ibipfundikizo: Suzuma ibipfundikizo byo mu ipaki mbere na nyuma yo kubisukura.
Kubika imbogamizi: Emeza ko imiterere y'imbogamizi ikenewe ikomeza kwemerwa nyuma y'uburyo bwo gufunga buteganyijwe.
Ubuziranenge bw'imashini: Suzuma ingaruka zo gutobora, gupfuka, gutandukanya imashini n'izindi ngaruka zo gupfunyika nyuma yo gutunganya.
Ku bikoresho byo kwa muganga byangiritse burundu, agapira koroshye ni kimwe mu bigize uburyo bwo gupfunyikamo bwarangiye. Guhitamo ibikoresho, kubishyiramo, gufunga, kubisukura, kubikwirakwiza no kubibika bigomba gusuzumwa hamwe.
ISO 11607 ireba ibikoresho, sisitemu zo kurinda indwara zidafite uburibwe n'uburyo bwo gupfunyika bukoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi byangiritse burundu, ndetse no kwemeza uburyo bwo gukora, gufunga no guteranya.
Ibipimo by'ibikoresho: Emeza ko firime yatoranijwe ijyanye n'igikoresho cyagenewe, uburyo bwo gupfunyikamo n'uburyo bwo gusukura.
Iterambere ry'Ibikorwa byo Gufunga: Shyiraho ibipimo by'ubushyuhe, igitutu n'igihe cyo guhagarara.
Ubuziranenge bw'ibipfunyika: Suzuma ubuziranenge bw'ibipfunyika n'ubuziranenge bw'ibipfunyika mbere na nyuma yo kubisukura.
Isuzuma ry'ikwirakwizwa ry'ibicuruzwa: Suzuma uburyo bwo gupakira burangiye nyuma yo gutwara no gukoresha ibintu mu buryo bwa 'simulated' aho bikenewe.
Kusaza: Emeza imikorere y'ibipfunyika ukoresheje gahunda yagenewe kumara igihe kirekire.
Ibicuruzwa by'ubuvuzi: Tanga ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa, ingano, uburemere ndetse niba birimo ibice bikomeye cyangwa bityaye.
Ibisabwa ku nzitizi: Tanga OTR, WVTR cyangwa ikindi gisabwa ku nzitizi iyo bihari.
Ubunini bwa firime: Hitamo ukurikije imiterere y'igikoresho, uburebure bw'imashini, ibyago byo gutobora n'imbaraga zisabwa mu gipfunyika.
Ubugari bw'umuzingo: Tanga ubugari nyabwo busabwa n'ibikoresho byo gupfunyika.
Igice cyo guhuza: Garagaza impapuro, ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Tyvek, firime, isahani cyangwa ikindi gice firime izafungiramo.
Ibisabwa ku gukata: Garagaza niba gukata byoroshye kugenzura, gufunga byoroshye cyangwa ikindi kintu gikenewe.
Gusukura: Tanga uburyo bwo gusukura buteganyijwe hamwe n'uburyo bwo gutunganya.
Gucapa: Tanga ibisabwa mu gucapa, sisitemu ya wino n'ibipimo by'agace kacapishijwe aho bikenewe.
Inyandiko zigenga: Kugaragaza raporo za tekiniki zisabwa n'ibisabwa ku isoko ry'aho ibicuruzwa biherereye.
1. Igikoresho cyo kwa muganga cyangwa ubwoko bw'imyenda yo kwa muganga
2. Ubugari bwa firime bukenewe
3. Ubugari bw'umuzingo bukenewe
4. Inzitizi zikenewe za ogisijeni cyangwa ubushuhe
5. Ipfundikizo ry'umugozi wo guhuza
6. Gukuraho cyangwa gusudira byoroshye bisaba gufunga
7. Uburyo bwo gufunga no kugabanya ingaruka z'indwara
8. Ubujyakuzimu cyangwa ingano y'ipaki
9. Ikirango n'icyitegererezo cy'imashini ipakiye
10. Ibisabwa mu gucapa
11. Inyandiko zisabwa za tekiniki cyangwa iz'amategeko
12. Ingano isabwa
13. Igihugu cyangwa icyambu cy'ubwikorezi
Imishinga yo gupakira ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi ishobora gusaba ibisobanuro by’ibicuruzwa, amakuru ajyanye n’ibizamini by’imbogamizi, raporo z’imiterere y’ibikoresho, amakuru ajyanye n’uburyo bwo gukingira indwara, inyandiko z’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa n’izindi nyandiko zijyanye n’isoko.
Saba inyandiko zigaragaza neza urwego nyarwo rwa filime ya HSQY irimo gusuzumwa. Impamyabushobozi rusange z'ikigo ntizigomba gufatwa nk'iyemezabuguzi ry'ibipfunyika by'ubuvuzi cyangwa icyemezo cy'uburyo runaka bwo gukingira bukozwe mu buryo bwa sterile.

Imurikagurisha rya Shanghai ryo mu 2017
Imurikagurisha rya Shanghai ryo mu 2018
Imurikagurisha rya Arabiya Sawudite ryo mu 2023
Imurikagurisha ry'Abanyamerika ryo mu 2023
Imurikagurisha rya Ositaraliya ryo mu 2024
Imurikagurisha ry'Abanyamerika ryo mu 2024
Imurikagurisha rya Megizike ryo mu 2024
Imurikagurisha rya 2024 i Paris
Ni firime yoroshye ifite ibyiciro byinshi ihuza PA, PP, EVOH, PE n'ibice byo gufatanya kugira ngo itange uruzitiro rwa ogisijeni, imbaraga za mekanike, ubworoherane n'imikorere yo gufunga kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo bukwiye mu gupakira ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi.
Ibisobanuro bya HSQY biriho urutonde PA / TIE / PP / TIE / PA / EVOH / PA / TIE / PE / PE / PE.
EVOH itanga imikorere myiza cyane yo kwirinda ogisijeni na gaze. Muri ubu buryo bw'ibice byinshi, ikorana n'ibice bya PA, PP na PE bitanga uburinzi bwa mekanike, ubworoherane, kurwanya ubushuhe no kuziba.
Ibisobanuro bya HSQY biriho ubu bigaragaza ubunini kuva kuri 0.03mm kugeza kuri 0.45mm, bingana na 30–450μm.
Ubugari bwa HSQY bushobora kuba uburebure bwa mm 4000.
Igicuruzwa kiriho ubu gishyirwa mu buryo bworoshye bwo gukuraho. Imikorere nyayo y'igishishwa iterwa n'uburyo gishyirwaho igishishwa gitandukanye n'uburyo gishyirwaho igishishwa, bityo imbaraga z'igishishwa n'uburyo gifungurwa bigomba kugeragezwa ku gipfunyika cyarangiye.
Kuba impapuro za muganga zihuye neza biterwa n'urwego rwo kuziba icyuma n'impapuro zitwikiriye. Tanga ibisobanuro by'impapuro za muganga kugira ngo HSQY ibashe gusuzuma niba inyandiko za muganga zihuye aho gutekereza ko inyandiko zose za muganga zizafunga icyuma kimwe.
Guhuza uburyo Tyvek ifunga ibintu biterwa n’urwego nyarwo rw’ifunga ry’icyuma n’urwego rwa Tyvek. Abaguzi bagomba gutanga ibisobanuro ku gipimo cy’ifunga ry’icyuma no gukora isuzuma ry’imbaraga z’ifunga n’igishishwa mbere yo kuyikoresha mu bucuruzi.
Urupapuro rwa HSQY ruriho ubu ruvuga ko iyi filime ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukingira indwara, ariko ntirutangaza uburyo bwihariye bwo gukingira indwara cyangwa uruziga. Tanga uburyo bukenewe kugira ngo harebwe niba filime ihuye neza n'urwego nyarwo.
Kuba EO ihuye ntabwo byanditse neza ku ipaji y'ibicuruzwa. Niba bikenewe ko EO ikoreshwa mu gukingira, saba amakuru ya tekiniki akenewe hanyuma wemeze ipaki yuzuye hakurikijwe inzira nyayo ya EO.
Ubushobozi bw'imirasire bugomba kwemezwa ku rwego rwatoranijwe n'igipimo gikenewe. Urupapuro rwa HSQY ruriho ubu ntirutangaza urugero rwemewe rw'igipimo cya gamma cyangwa e-beam.
ISO 11607 ikoreshwa ku bikoresho byo gupfunyika by’ubuvuzi, sisitemu zo gukingira zidafite ubusembwa n’uburyo bwo gupfunyika. Iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko rigomba gusuzumwa ku bikoresho bikoreshwa n’uburyo bwo gupfunyika bwarangiye; ntibigomba gufatwa nk’uko byagenwe gusa n’izina rya filime.
Urupapuro rwa HSQY ruriho ubu rusobanura ko ibicuruzwa ari imbogamizi nini ariko ntirutangaza agaciro ka OTR cyangwa WVTR. Saba amakuru ya tekiniki ariho ubunini n'imiterere nyayo bikenewe.
Yego. Imiterere y'ibikoresho bishobora gucapwa iri ku ipaji ya HSQY iriho ubu. Emeza uburyo bwo gucapa, sisitemu ya wino n'ibisabwa mu gusukura mbere yo gukora mu bucuruzi.
Ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa bya HSQY bitangwa ubu bigaragaza ko ntarengwa ingano ya 1000kg.
Urupapuro ruriho ubu rugaragaza ingero ziboneka hamwe n'imizigo yakusanyijwe. Tanga ubunini bukenewe, ubugari, substrate yo gufunga, uburyo bwo gusukura no gupakira kugira ngo wemeze icyitegererezo gikwiye.
Tanga ubugari bwa firime, ubugari, ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa byo kwa muganga, ibisabwa ku nzitizi, substrate yo gufunga, ibisabwa ku gukata, uburyo bwo gusukura, imashini ipakiramo, ibisabwa mu gucapa, ingano n'aho igenewe.
Imiterere y'ibice 11 yagenwe: Igicuruzwa gikoreshwa ubu gikoresha uburyo bwa PA/TIE/PP/TIE/PA/EVOH/PA/TIE/PE/PE/PE/PE/PE.
Uburyo bwo kugabanya imbogamizi nyinshi: EVOH itanga imikorere myiza yo kugabanya umwuka wa ogisijeni mu buryo bworoshye bwo gupakira.
Ingano yagutse: Ibipimo by'ubu bikubiyemo ubugari bwa 0.03–0.45mm n'ubugari bugera kuri 4000mm.
Inkunga y'umushinga woroshye gukurura: Ibisabwa mu gufunga no gukurura bishobora gusuzumwa hakurikijwe uburyo nyabwo bwo guhuza no gupakira.
B2B Supply: HSQY ishyigikira abakora amapaki yo kwa muganga, abahindura ibicuruzwa, abakwirakwiza ibicuruzwa n'imishinga yo gupakira ibikoresho by'inganda bisaba ingano ya filime z'ubucuruzi.
HSQY Plastic Group itanga filime zo gupfunyikamo ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, filime zo gupfunyikamo ibikoresho byoroshye n’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki ku bakiriya mpuzamahanga ba B2B.
Ku bijyanye na firime ya PA/PP/EVOH/PE ifite ibyiciro 11, ipaki y'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi bifite imipaka myinshi, ipaki y'imyenda y'ubuvuzi cyangwa imishinga ya firime y'ubuvuzi yoroshye gukuramo, ohereza HSQY ibisobanuro byawe bya tekiniki, uburyo bwo gusukura, ifunga ry'imashini n'ingano kugira ngo bisuzumwe kandi bigenwe.
Icyiciro cy'ibicuruzwa
Reka dushake igisubizo gikwiye cya pulasitiki