ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ: ꯌꯨꯝ » ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ꯫ » ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ꯫ » ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯀꯣ-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯟ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ꯫ » ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯴*꯸ ꯐꯨꯠ ꯍꯣꯌꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ

ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯴*꯸ ꯐꯨꯠ ꯍꯣꯌꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯀꯣ-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯁꯤꯠ꯫

ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯴*꯸ ꯐꯨꯠ ꯍꯣꯌꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯀꯣ-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯁꯤꯠ꯫

ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯃꯨꯗ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯤꯂꯕꯣꯔꯗ ꯃꯦꯀꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯅꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯇꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯀꯣꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯄꯟꯆ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯠꯄꯥ, ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯅꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯛ ꯁꯥꯕ:
ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ꯫
ꯃꯃꯤꯡ:
ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯋꯥꯏ
ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ: ꯱.
꯱-꯲꯰ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ
ꯃꯆꯨ:
ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯪꯂꯕꯥ꯫
ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ:
꯱꯲꯲꯰*꯲꯴꯴꯰ꯃꯤꯃꯤ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫

ꯐꯪꯐꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯱.



ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟꯕ

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯄꯁꯟ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯄꯁꯟ꯫

꯴x꯸ ꯐꯨꯠ ꯍꯣꯌꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤꯚꯤꯁꯤ ꯀꯣ-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯗꯤꯗ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ ꯚꯤꯗꯤꯑꯣ꯫

ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦ & ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯦꯖꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯴x꯸ ꯐꯨꯠ (꯱꯲꯲꯰x꯲꯴꯴꯰ꯃꯤꯃꯤ) ꯍꯣꯌꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ

HSQY ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯞ – ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯦꯖ, ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗ, ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯴x꯸ ꯐꯨꯠ ꯋꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ. ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯠꯋꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ ꯔꯤꯖꯤꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ 1–35mm, ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ 0.35–1.0 g/cm³. ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯃꯆꯨ & ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯟ ꯵꯰꯫ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ., ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ.꯹꯰꯰꯱:꯲꯰꯰꯸, ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯣ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯦꯁ., ꯁꯤ.ꯏ.

ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯣꯌꯥꯏꯠ ꯀꯣ-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯎꯗꯦꯗ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯃꯨꯗ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯗꯤꯇꯦꯜ꯫

ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯒꯤ	ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ꯫	꯱꯲꯲꯰x꯲꯴꯴꯰ꯃꯤꯃꯤ (꯴x꯸ ꯐꯨꯠ) ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡ꯫	꯹꯱꯵x꯱꯸꯳꯰ꯃꯤꯃꯤ, ꯱꯵꯶꯰x꯳꯰꯵꯰ꯃꯤꯃꯤ, ꯲꯰꯵꯰x꯳꯰꯵꯰ꯃꯤꯃꯤ, ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫	꯱ꯃꯤꯃꯤ – ꯳꯵ꯃꯤꯃꯤ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯀꯨꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ	꯰.꯳꯵ – ꯱.꯰ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ/ꯁꯦ.ꯃꯤ.⊃꯳;
ꯃꯆꯨꯁꯤꯡ꯫	ꯍꯣꯌꯥꯏꯠ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ, ꯔꯦꯗ, ꯌꯦꯂꯣ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯨ, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ, ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ꯫
ꯃꯃꯥꯏ	ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯠ꯫
ꯐꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫	ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯖꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯣ.ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ	꯳ ꯇꯟ꯫

ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯠꯋꯦꯠ & ꯔꯤꯖꯤꯗ – ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
꯱꯰꯰% ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯞꯔꯨꯐ – ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ – ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤꯛꯁ꯫
ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ & ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯀꯀꯄꯥ, ꯔꯨꯠ & ꯊꯔꯃꯣꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯖꯕꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯔꯇꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯦꯖ꯫

ꯀꯦꯕꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯣ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯁꯤ.ꯏ

ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

꯲꯰꯱꯷ꯀꯤ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ꯫

꯲꯰꯱꯸ꯒꯤ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ꯫

꯲꯰꯲꯳ꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

꯲꯰꯲꯳ꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

꯲꯰꯲꯴ꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

꯲꯰꯲꯴ꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

꯲꯰꯲꯴ꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

꯲꯰꯲꯴ꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯁ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

ꯄꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯞꯔꯨꯐ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯱꯰꯰% ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫

ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯀꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ)꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ →

ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯣ.ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

꯳ ꯇꯟ꯫

HSQY ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫

ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯋꯥꯏ.ꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯌꯥꯡꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯓꯧꯗꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯸ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯟ ꯵꯰ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ., ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ.꯹꯰꯰꯱, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯣ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯦꯖ, ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫

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